The Keluarga Berencana (KB) program aims to control the population growth rate; however, male participation remains low due to limited interest and a lack of contraceptive options for men. One alternative approach is the use of natural-based contraceptives. Papaya leaves (Carica papaya L.) contain antispermatogenic compounds that may cause spermatozoa abnormalities. This study aimed to examine the acute toxicity and the effect of papaya leaf extract (Carica papaya L.) on the sperm quality of DDY strain mice (Mus musculus L.). The study was conducted experimentally using a randomized block design (RBD) with four groups: P0 (control), P1 (150 mg/kg BW), P2 (300 mg/kg BW), and P3 (600 mg/kg BW). Each group consisted of six mice. The extract was administered as a single dose and observed for 14 days. Observed parameters included behavioral changes, body weight, and sperm quality (motility, viability, and morphology). The LSD analysis showed that papaya leaf extract had a significant effect (p < 0.05) on spermatozoa abnormalities in mice, with the 600 mg/kg BW dose resulting in the highest increase in abnormalities. The toxicity test indicated no LD50 value, suggesting the extract is not lethally toxic but can reduce sperm quality in mice.
Keyword: Acute toxicity; DDY mice; papaya leaf; spermatozoa abnormality